Bolsonaro has been arrested after authorities found he posed a concrete flight risk while under home confinement.
The ex-president was found guilty of orchestrating a government overthrow in September and handed more than over two decades in jail, but he remained under house arrest pending appeals.
High Court Judge the presiding justice said the move to detain the 70-year-old politician was a safety action after "new facts" came to light.
This involved seeking to disable his electronic bracelet and a summons to a demonstration that could enable a potential flight.
Court Filing Details Flight Fears
In a paperwork permitting the custody, the magistrate said intelligence from the facility tracking his home detention suggested the ex-president's "intention to break the electronic ankle bracelet to secure accomplishment in his flight.
This, it said, would be assisted by the disorder caused by the protest called by his son.
His offspring, his son Flávio, who holds office as a legislator, called for a assembly of his supporters near the former president's residence to take place on the weekend.
Flávio Bolsonaro wrote on online platforms on the previous day: Do you plan to struggle for your homeland, or observe everything from your smartphone there on your settee? I invite you to struggle with us."
He said the vigil would be so supporters could "pray for his health and for the reestablishment of democratic governance in our nation."
Foreign Shelter Risks
Part of Justice Moraes's ruling was the possibility of the former president's move to foreign missions near the residence, considering that the probes revealed a background of arranging to ask for protection through a consular facility", a announcement said.
The legal document emphasizes that the United States embassy in the federal district, Brazil's capital, is situated around 13km from Bolsonaro's home.
International Reactions
The former president's legal troubles have provoked anger from fellow right-wing populist United States President Donald Trump, leading him to impose a 50% tariff on Brazilian product imports.
He is being held in a Federal Police station in the capital and will experience a imprisonment assessment on the next day.
Recent Judicial Appeals
It was only on Friday that the former president's lawyers asked the High Court to permit him to serve his whole jail sentence under domestic detention, with tracking devices.
They also requested that he be permitted to leave his home for healthcare, saying he demanded regular treatment for lung conditions and other illnesses.
Background on Conviction
Bolsonaro was found guilty of leading a conspiracy aimed at keeping him in power after he was defeated in the national vote to his ideological adversary, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
Supreme Court justices said that he had knowledge of a plan which encompassed plans to kill Lula and his vice-presidential running mate, Geraldo Alckmin, and to detain and kill Justice Moraes - the Supreme Court justice who has been overseeing the former president's case.
The plot was thwarted because it didn't receive the support of the armed forces officials. His successor was inaugurated without issue on the first day of 2023.
But a following week, on 8 January, numerous Bolsonaro supporters stormed and vandalised public facilities in the federal district, the capital city.
The law enforcement stepped in and around fifteen hundred individuals were taken into custody.
The magistrates found that the protesters had been incited by him whose scheme, they said, was for the Brazilian military to take action, bring back stability and return him to office.
At the time, his attorneys called the over 27-year sentence unreasonably severe".
He was also banned from seeking elected position until 2060 - eight years later after the conclusion of his imprisonment.
The one-time head of state called the trial a political persecution and said it was designed to prevent him running in the next presidential race.
